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TPE is currently divided into the following categories:
1. Styrene TPE
Styrene TPE also known as TPS, as butadiene or isoprene and styrene block copolymer type, the performance closest to the SBR rubber. TPS production in the world reached 70 million t, accounting for about half of all TPE. Representative of the species is a styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer (SBS), widely used in the footwear industry, has largely replaced the rubber; while in tape, sheet and other industrial rubber products in use is also widening. SBS is also a large number of PS plastic used as impact modifier, but also wear-resistant asphalt paving of the asphalt pavement, cracking, excellent anti-skid soft modifier. PS by SBS modified plastics, not only as far as improving the impact resistance of rubber, and transparency is also very good. SBS modified asphalt with than SBR rubber, WRP powder, more easily dissolved in asphalt. Thus, although more expensive, still get a lot of use. Today, more to further promote the waterproofing membrane to the roof of a building, subway, tunnels, and grooves of waterproof, moisture-proof top. SBS and S-SBR, NP and use made of rubber sponge, than the original PVC, EVA rubber plastic foam is more full of touch, and lighter than the vulcanized rubber, bright colors, a clear pattern. Thus, not only for manufacturing shoes in the bottom of the sponge, but also shoes, sports shoes, fashion shoes and other one-time great at the end of the ideal material. In recent years, replacing isoprene styrene butadiene block polymers (S ENGINEERING S) has developed rapidly, the amount of its production accounts for TPS 1 / 3, about 90% used in the adhesives. SIS is not only made of hot melt adhesive with excellent adhesive and heat resistance Ye Hao, on countries in the U.S. and Europe has become the main material of hot melt adhesive. SBS and SIS are not the biggest problem is heat, temperature generally can not exceed 80 ℃. At the same time, its strength and elongation, weather resistance, oil resistance, abrasion resistance, also can not be compared with the rubber. To this end, the U.S. and Europe and other countries in recent years, it conducted a series of performance improvements, has appeared in SBS and SIS SEBS by the hydrogenation of saturated and SEPS. SEBS (hydrogenated BR for the soft segments) and SEPS (to IR hydrogenation as soft segments) can significantly improve impact strength, weather resistance and heat aging resistance 也好. Japan's Mitsubishi Chemical in 1984 and again in SEBS, SEPS as the base material made of a mixture of better performance, and the saturated TPS named "Rubberron" listed. Therefore, SEBS and SEPS are not only common, but also weather-resistant plastic used to improve abrasion resistance and heat aging resistance of the blend and therefore quickly developed into nylon (PA), polycarbonate (PC) and other projects plastic "alloy" of the compatibilizer. In addition, the development of epoxy resin with high transparency, TPS and the public health body with non-toxic raw TPS, and many new varieties. SBS or SEBS with PP plastic melt blend, etc., can also form a IPN-type TPS. The so-called IPN, is actually two networks with each other throughout the polymer, it is also known as IPN compounds. Although most of them are thermosetting resins, but there are a lot like the TPE of the cross shape shown by the continuous phase of thermoplastic elastomer. SES with SBS or other engineering plastics for the substrate and the formation of the IPN-TPS, you can not directly pre-coating. Not easy to scratch coating, and has some oil resistance, low coefficient of elasticity in a wide temperature range does not change; greatly increased cold and heat resistance of engineering plastics. Styrene rubber compounds and grafting copolymerization can be thermoplastic TPE, has developed a EPDM / styrene, BR / styrene, CI-IIR / styrene, NP / styrene.
2. Olefin TPE
Department of olefin TPE to PP is as hard segments and soft segments EPDM blends, referred to as TPO. Because of its light weight than other TPE's (only O.88), heat-resistant up to 100 ℃, resistance to weather and ozone resistance Ye Hao, thereby becoming another TPE in the rapid development of the species. Since 1972, companies in the United States by the UniroyaI TPR trade names first on the market, years of double-digit growth in 2000 production reached 3 50 000 t, 2002 is estimated to be 400,000 t. Now, TPO has become the United States and Japan and other key areas of automotive and home appliance rubber material. In particular, have been accounted for in the car and its total 3 / 4, with its manufacture of car bumpers, has replaced the original metal and PU. Appeared in 1973, the dynamic part of the vulcanization of the TPO, in particular the United States in 1981, the company developed to Santoprere Mansanto named TPO fully dynamic vulcanization type, the performance has greatly changed, the maximum temperature can reach 120 ℃. This dynamic vulcanization type of TPO referred to as TPV, TPO is mainly in the PP and EPDM blends in the molten mixture, the curing of the crosslinking agent added to it, using mixer, a high shear screw machines and other machinery strength, so that full curing of the crosslinked EPDM rubber fine particles fully dispersed into the PP matrix. In this cross-linked rubber of the "particle effect", leading to TPO deformation resistance, heat aging resistance, oil resistance are all significantly improved, even to the level of CR rubber, which in turn referred to as thermoplastic vulcanizates people gel.
3. Diene TPE
Diene rubber TPE mainly natural isomers, it is also known as natural rubber, thermoplastic trans-(1-NR). As early as 400 years ago, as a natural rubber that is found in this material, but with its fruits of the different gutta Hevea and Balata and other wild trees, which is called gutta rubber, Pakistan Latta rubber. The T-NR as submarine cables and leather golf history, etc. Although there have been 100 years, but showed a thermoplastic state, crystallization and strong, availability is limited, the expansion of long-term use. Catalysts made of metal organic synthesis T-NR-trans-polyisoprene rubber, called TPI. Its the same microstructure of isoprene rubber (IR) is just the opposite, with 99% trans, 40% crystallinity, melting point 67 ℃, with the production of natural rubber, gutta, and Balata is very similar. So, has begun to gradually replace the natural products, and further development of the apparatus used in plastic surgery, plaster substitutes and sports protection equipment. In recent years, the use of TPI excellent crystallinity and temperature sensitivity, and the successful development of a shape memory rubber material, much of it ages. Structurally speaking, TPI is a high trans-formed crystalline structure as the hard segment, and then with the rest of arbitrary shape elastic phase state was part of the combination of soft segments consisting of thermoplastic rubber. Compared with other TPE, the advantage of mechanical strength, good resistance to injury, but also cure the disadvantage of softening temperature is very low, generally only 40-70 ℃, use is restricted. BR rubber (cis 1,4-polybutadiene a) of the isomers - between the same l, 2 polybutadiene, referred to as TPB. It contains more than 90% l, 2 位 between the same combination of polybutadiene rubber, trade name RB. Microstructure between the hard segments by the crystalline structure of some of the same soft segment and a soft part of each other constitute any form of block polymers. Although its heat resistance, mechanical strength than rubber, but with a good transparency, weather resistance and electrical insulation, and photolysis, widely used in the footwear, sponge, optical films and other industrial rubber products and so on. Lee TPB other TPE TPI biggest difference is that it can be vulcanized. TPE can not be used to solve the general sulfur, peroxide curing. But must use electronic waves, radiation and other special devices only. Can be modified to mention the quality problems, thus improving the TPE heat resistance, oil resistance and durability of poor and other shortcomings. TPB in the 75-1 10 ℃ within the melting point of any process, both for the production of injection molding of non-vulcanized slippers, sandals, vulcanized foam manufacturers can also use the sports shoes, sneakers, etc. in the end. It is not easy compared with EVA foam midsole collapse deformation, wear comfortable, help to improve athletic results. TPB-made film, with good ventilation, water and transparency, easy-to-light decomposition, very safe, especially for families and vegetables, fresh fruit packaging purposes.
4. Vinyl chloride type TPE
Thermoplastic PVC and thermoplastic CPE into two categories, the former is called TPVC, the latter known as TCPE. TPVC mainly the flexibility of the modified PVC material, is divided into chemical polymerization and mechanical blending two forms. Mechanical blending NBR main part of the cross-linked to form mixed with PVC blends (PVC / NBR). TPVC actually said to just an extension of soft PVC resin, but greatly improved because of compression deformation, thereby forming a rubber-like PVC. This TPVC modified products can be regarded as PVC and rubber substitutes, mainly in its manufacturing rubber hose, rubber, tape and some plastic parts. Currently over 70% of consumption in the automotive field, such as car steering wheel, windshield wipers, etc. section. Other purposes, wires about 75%, 10% waterproof film is about. In recent years, began to expand into home appliances, gardening, industrial and daily operations raincoat and so on.
5. Polyurethane TPE
Polyurethane TPE with the isocyanate by the reaction of urethane hard segments and soft segments of polyester or polyether block each other with the thermoplastic polyurethane rubber, referred to as TPU, TPU with excellent mechanical strength, wear resistance, oil resistance and resistance flex, in particular, wear the most prominent. The disadvantage is heat, heat water, poor compression resistance, appearance and easy to turn yellow, sticky and easy processing mold. Currently the major countries in Europe and America for the manufacture of ski boots, hiking boots and other sporting goods, and for the production of a large number of sports shoes, sneakers, consumption of many. TPU can also be formed by injection molding and extrusion methods such as automobile, machinery, and watches and other parts, and is used extensively for high-pressure hose (rubber outside), tubing, sheets, belts, conveyor belts, wire and cable, tape and other products. Which accounted for 40% of injection molding, extrusion molding is about 35%. In recent years, TPU technology to improve the performance increase of 7 workers, but also many new varieties of ease of processing. As for two-color molding, can increase transparency and high flow, high recovery can improve the processing efficiency of the shoe with TPU. For the manufacture of non-transparent plastic hose, low hardness and easy processing TPU. For large parts such as automobile bumpers dedicated to glass fiber reinforced to increase rigidity and impact of enhanced TPU and so on. Add especially in the TPU reactive component, after the thermoplastic molding, through aging, and the formation of not fully IPN (by the cross-linked polymer and the formation of crosslinked polymer IPN) developed very rapidly. The IPN TPU TPU further improve the physical and mechanical properties. In addition, TPU / PC blend alloy type TPU, but also raise the safety performance of automobile bumpers. In addition, the high permeability of the TPU, conductivity of TPU, and there have been dedicated to the living body, tape, safety glass and other aspects of TPU.
1. Styrene TPE
Styrene TPE also known as TPS, as butadiene or isoprene and styrene block copolymer type, the performance closest to the SBR rubber. TPS production in the world reached 70 million t, accounting for about half of all TPE. Representative of the species is a styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer (SBS), widely used in the footwear industry, has largely replaced the rubber; while in tape, sheet and other industrial rubber products in use is also widening. SBS is also a large number of PS plastic used as impact modifier, but also wear-resistant asphalt paving of the asphalt pavement, cracking, excellent anti-skid soft modifier. PS by SBS modified plastics, not only as far as improving the impact resistance of rubber, and transparency is also very good. SBS modified asphalt with than SBR rubber, WRP powder, more easily dissolved in asphalt. Thus, although more expensive, still get a lot of use. Today, more to further promote the waterproofing membrane to the roof of a building, subway, tunnels, and grooves of waterproof, moisture-proof top. SBS and S-SBR, NP and use made of rubber sponge, than the original PVC, EVA rubber plastic foam is more full of touch, and lighter than the vulcanized rubber, bright colors, a clear pattern. Thus, not only for manufacturing shoes in the bottom of the sponge, but also shoes, sports shoes, fashion shoes and other one-time great at the end of the ideal material. In recent years, replacing isoprene styrene butadiene block polymers (S ENGINEERING S) has developed rapidly, the amount of its production accounts for TPS 1 / 3, about 90% used in the adhesives. SIS is not only made of hot melt adhesive with excellent adhesive and heat resistance Ye Hao, on countries in the U.S. and Europe has become the main material of hot melt adhesive. SBS and SIS are not the biggest problem is heat, temperature generally can not exceed 80 ℃. At the same time, its strength and elongation, weather resistance, oil resistance, abrasion resistance, also can not be compared with the rubber. To this end, the U.S. and Europe and other countries in recent years, it conducted a series of performance improvements, has appeared in SBS and SIS SEBS by the hydrogenation of saturated and SEPS. SEBS (hydrogenated BR for the soft segments) and SEPS (to IR hydrogenation as soft segments) can significantly improve impact strength, weather resistance and heat aging resistance 也好. Japan's Mitsubishi Chemical in 1984 and again in SEBS, SEPS as the base material made of a mixture of better performance, and the saturated TPS named "Rubberron" listed. Therefore, SEBS and SEPS are not only common, but also weather-resistant plastic used to improve abrasion resistance and heat aging resistance of the blend and therefore quickly developed into nylon (PA), polycarbonate (PC) and other projects plastic "alloy" of the compatibilizer. In addition, the development of epoxy resin with high transparency, TPS and the public health body with non-toxic raw TPS, and many new varieties. SBS or SEBS with PP plastic melt blend, etc., can also form a IPN-type TPS. The so-called IPN, is actually two networks with each other throughout the polymer, it is also known as IPN compounds. Although most of them are thermosetting resins, but there are a lot like the TPE of the cross shape shown by the continuous phase of thermoplastic elastomer. SES with SBS or other engineering plastics for the substrate and the formation of the IPN-TPS, you can not directly pre-coating. Not easy to scratch coating, and has some oil resistance, low coefficient of elasticity in a wide temperature range does not change; greatly increased cold and heat resistance of engineering plastics. Styrene rubber compounds and grafting copolymerization can be thermoplastic TPE, has developed a EPDM / styrene, BR / styrene, CI-IIR / styrene, NP / styrene.
2. Olefin TPE
Department of olefin TPE to PP is as hard segments and soft segments EPDM blends, referred to as TPO. Because of its light weight than other TPE's (only O.88), heat-resistant up to 100 ℃, resistance to weather and ozone resistance Ye Hao, thereby becoming another TPE in the rapid development of the species. Since 1972, companies in the United States by the UniroyaI TPR trade names first on the market, years of double-digit growth in 2000 production reached 3 50 000 t, 2002 is estimated to be 400,000 t. Now, TPO has become the United States and Japan and other key areas of automotive and home appliance rubber material. In particular, have been accounted for in the car and its total 3 / 4, with its manufacture of car bumpers, has replaced the original metal and PU. Appeared in 1973, the dynamic part of the vulcanization of the TPO, in particular the United States in 1981, the company developed to Santoprere Mansanto named TPO fully dynamic vulcanization type, the performance has greatly changed, the maximum temperature can reach 120 ℃. This dynamic vulcanization type of TPO referred to as TPV, TPO is mainly in the PP and EPDM blends in the molten mixture, the curing of the crosslinking agent added to it, using mixer, a high shear screw machines and other machinery strength, so that full curing of the crosslinked EPDM rubber fine particles fully dispersed into the PP matrix. In this cross-linked rubber of the "particle effect", leading to TPO deformation resistance, heat aging resistance, oil resistance are all significantly improved, even to the level of CR rubber, which in turn referred to as thermoplastic vulcanizates people gel.
3. Diene TPE
Diene rubber TPE mainly natural isomers, it is also known as natural rubber, thermoplastic trans-(1-NR). As early as 400 years ago, as a natural rubber that is found in this material, but with its fruits of the different gutta Hevea and Balata and other wild trees, which is called gutta rubber, Pakistan Latta rubber. The T-NR as submarine cables and leather golf history, etc. Although there have been 100 years, but showed a thermoplastic state, crystallization and strong, availability is limited, the expansion of long-term use. Catalysts made of metal organic synthesis T-NR-trans-polyisoprene rubber, called TPI. Its the same microstructure of isoprene rubber (IR) is just the opposite, with 99% trans, 40% crystallinity, melting point 67 ℃, with the production of natural rubber, gutta, and Balata is very similar. So, has begun to gradually replace the natural products, and further development of the apparatus used in plastic surgery, plaster substitutes and sports protection equipment. In recent years, the use of TPI excellent crystallinity and temperature sensitivity, and the successful development of a shape memory rubber material, much of it ages. Structurally speaking, TPI is a high trans-formed crystalline structure as the hard segment, and then with the rest of arbitrary shape elastic phase state was part of the combination of soft segments consisting of thermoplastic rubber. Compared with other TPE, the advantage of mechanical strength, good resistance to injury, but also cure the disadvantage of softening temperature is very low, generally only 40-70 ℃, use is restricted. BR rubber (cis 1,4-polybutadiene a) of the isomers - between the same l, 2 polybutadiene, referred to as TPB. It contains more than 90% l, 2 位 between the same combination of polybutadiene rubber, trade name RB. Microstructure between the hard segments by the crystalline structure of some of the same soft segment and a soft part of each other constitute any form of block polymers. Although its heat resistance, mechanical strength than rubber, but with a good transparency, weather resistance and electrical insulation, and photolysis, widely used in the footwear, sponge, optical films and other industrial rubber products and so on. Lee TPB other TPE TPI biggest difference is that it can be vulcanized. TPE can not be used to solve the general sulfur, peroxide curing. But must use electronic waves, radiation and other special devices only. Can be modified to mention the quality problems, thus improving the TPE heat resistance, oil resistance and durability of poor and other shortcomings. TPB in the 75-1 10 ℃ within the melting point of any process, both for the production of injection molding of non-vulcanized slippers, sandals, vulcanized foam manufacturers can also use the sports shoes, sneakers, etc. in the end. It is not easy compared with EVA foam midsole collapse deformation, wear comfortable, help to improve athletic results. TPB-made film, with good ventilation, water and transparency, easy-to-light decomposition, very safe, especially for families and vegetables, fresh fruit packaging purposes.
4. Vinyl chloride type TPE
Thermoplastic PVC and thermoplastic CPE into two categories, the former is called TPVC, the latter known as TCPE. TPVC mainly the flexibility of the modified PVC material, is divided into chemical polymerization and mechanical blending two forms. Mechanical blending NBR main part of the cross-linked to form mixed with PVC blends (PVC / NBR). TPVC actually said to just an extension of soft PVC resin, but greatly improved because of compression deformation, thereby forming a rubber-like PVC. This TPVC modified products can be regarded as PVC and rubber substitutes, mainly in its manufacturing rubber hose, rubber, tape and some plastic parts. Currently over 70% of consumption in the automotive field, such as car steering wheel, windshield wipers, etc. section. Other purposes, wires about 75%, 10% waterproof film is about. In recent years, began to expand into home appliances, gardening, industrial and daily operations raincoat and so on.
5. Polyurethane TPE
Polyurethane TPE with the isocyanate by the reaction of urethane hard segments and soft segments of polyester or polyether block each other with the thermoplastic polyurethane rubber, referred to as TPU, TPU with excellent mechanical strength, wear resistance, oil resistance and resistance flex, in particular, wear the most prominent. The disadvantage is heat, heat water, poor compression resistance, appearance and easy to turn yellow, sticky and easy processing mold. Currently the major countries in Europe and America for the manufacture of ski boots, hiking boots and other sporting goods, and for the production of a large number of sports shoes, sneakers, consumption of many. TPU can also be formed by injection molding and extrusion methods such as automobile, machinery, and watches and other parts, and is used extensively for high-pressure hose (rubber outside), tubing, sheets, belts, conveyor belts, wire and cable, tape and other products. Which accounted for 40% of injection molding, extrusion molding is about 35%. In recent years, TPU technology to improve the performance increase of 7 workers, but also many new varieties of ease of processing. As for two-color molding, can increase transparency and high flow, high recovery can improve the processing efficiency of the shoe with TPU. For the manufacture of non-transparent plastic hose, low hardness and easy processing TPU. For large parts such as automobile bumpers dedicated to glass fiber reinforced to increase rigidity and impact of enhanced TPU and so on. Add especially in the TPU reactive component, after the thermoplastic molding, through aging, and the formation of not fully IPN (by the cross-linked polymer and the formation of crosslinked polymer IPN) developed very rapidly. The IPN TPU TPU further improve the physical and mechanical properties. In addition, TPU / PC blend alloy type TPU, but also raise the safety performance of automobile bumpers. In addition, the high permeability of the TPU, conductivity of TPU, and there have been dedicated to the living body, tape, safety glass and other aspects of TPU.